References
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1. Turetsky, M., Wieder, K., Halsey, L. & Vitt, D. Current disturbance and the diminishing peatland carbon sink. Geophysical Research Letters 29, 21-1-21–4 (2002).
2. Bourbonniere, R. A. Review of Water Chemistry Research in Natural and Disturbed Peatlands. Canadian Water Resources Journal / Revue canadienne des ressources hydriques 34, 393–414 (2009).
3. Turetsky, M. R. & St. Louis, V. L. Disturbance in Boreal Peatlands. in Boreal Peatland Ecosystems (eds. Wieder, R. K. & Vitt, D. H.) vol. 188 359–379 (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006).
4. Hugelius, G. et al. Large stocks of peatland carbon and nitrogen are vulnerable to permafrost thaw. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 201916387 (2020) doi:10.1073/pnas.1916387117.
5. Wang, M., Moore, T. R., Talbot, J. & Riley, J. L. The stoichiometry of carbon and nutrients in peat formation: C and nutrients in peat. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 29, 113–121 (2015).
6. Roulet, N. & Moore, T. R. Browning the waters. Nature 444, 283 (2006).
7. Kritzberg, E. S. et al. Browning of freshwaters: Consequences to ecosystem services, underlying drivers, and potential mitigation measures. Ambio (2019) doi:10.1007/s13280-019-01227-5.
8. Le Moal, M. et al. Eutrophication: A new wine in an old bottle? Science of The Total Environment 651, 1–11 (2019).
9. Vörösmarty, C. J. et al. Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity. Nature 467, 555–561 (2010).
10. Nieminen, M. et al. Water quality management dilemma: Increased nutrient, carbon, and heavy metal exports from forestry-drained peatlands restored for use as wetland buffer areas. FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT 465, (2020).
11. Laine, M. P. P., Strömmer, R. & Arvola, L. Nitrogen Release in Pristine and Drained Peat Profiles in Response to Water Table Fluctuations: A Mesocosm Experiment. Applied and Environmental Soil Science vol. 2013 e694368 https://www.hindawi.com/journals/aess/2013/694368/ (2013).
12. North Saskatchewan Watershed Alliance. Proposed Site Specific Water Quality Objectives for the Mainstem of the North Saskatchewan River. (2010).
13. Laine, M. P. P., Strömmer, R. & Arvola, L. DOC and CO2-C Releases from Pristine and Drained Peat Soils in Response to Water Table Fluctuations: A Mesocosm Experiment. Applied and Environmental Soil Science vol. 2014 e912816 https://www.hindawi.com/journals/aess/2014/912816/ (2014).
14. Walbridge, M. R. & Navaratnam, J. A. Phosphorous in Boreal Peatlands. in Boreal Peatland Ecosystems (eds. Wieder, R. K. & Vitt, D. H.) vol. 188 231–258 (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006).
15. Abbott, B. W. et al. Unexpected spatial stability of water chemistry in headwater stream networks. Ecology Letters 21, 296–308 (2018).
16. Frei, R. J. et al. Predicting Nutrient Incontinence in the Anthropocene at Watershed Scales. Front. Environ. Sci. 7, (2020).
17. Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute. Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute (ABMI) Human Footprint Inventory. https://abmi.ca/home/data-analytics/da-top/da-product-overview/Human-Footprint-Products/HF-inventory.html (2018).
18. Alberta Environment and Parks & Government of Alberta. Alberta Merged Wetland Inventory. https://geodiscover.alberta.ca/geoportal/rest/metadata/item/bfa8b3fdf0df4ec19f7f648689237969/html (2020).
19. Breiman, L. Random Forests. Machine Learning 45, 5–32 (2001).
20. R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, 2018).
21. Bennett, E. M., Carpenter, S. R. & Caraco, N. F. Human Impact on Erodable Phosphorus and Eutrophication: A Global PerspectiveIncreasing accumulation of phosphorus in soil threatens rivers, lakes, and coastal oceans with eutrophication. BioScience 51, 227–234 (2001).
22. Olefeldt, D., Roulet, N., Giesler, R. & Persson, A. Total waterborne carbon export and DOC composition from ten nested subarctic peatland catchments-importance of peatland cover, groundwater influence, and inter-annual variability of precipitation patterns: WATERBORNE CARBON EXPORT FROM SUBARCTIC CATCHMENTS. Hydrol. Process. 27, 2280–2294 (2013).
23. Creed, I. F., Beall, F. D., Clair, T. A., Dillon, P. J. & Hesslein, R. H. Predicting export of dissolved organic carbon from forested catchments in glaciated landscapes with shallow soils. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 22, (2008).
24. Freeman, C., Evans, C. D., Monteith, D. T., Reynolds, B. & Fenner, N. Export of organic carbon from peat soils. Nature 412, 785–785 (2001).
25. Bishop, K. et al. Aqua Incognita: the unknown headwaters. Hydrological Processes 22, 1239–1242 (2008).
26. Feuchtmayr, H. et al. Effects of brownification and warming on algal blooms, metabolism and higher trophic levels in productive shallow lake mesocosms. Science of The Total Environment 678, 227–238 (2019).
27. Shogren, A. J. et al. Revealing biogeochemical signatures of Arctic landscapes with river chemistry. Scientific Reports 9, 12894 (2019).
2. Bourbonniere, R. A. Review of Water Chemistry Research in Natural and Disturbed Peatlands. Canadian Water Resources Journal / Revue canadienne des ressources hydriques 34, 393–414 (2009).
3. Turetsky, M. R. & St. Louis, V. L. Disturbance in Boreal Peatlands. in Boreal Peatland Ecosystems (eds. Wieder, R. K. & Vitt, D. H.) vol. 188 359–379 (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006).
4. Hugelius, G. et al. Large stocks of peatland carbon and nitrogen are vulnerable to permafrost thaw. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 201916387 (2020) doi:10.1073/pnas.1916387117.
5. Wang, M., Moore, T. R., Talbot, J. & Riley, J. L. The stoichiometry of carbon and nutrients in peat formation: C and nutrients in peat. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 29, 113–121 (2015).
6. Roulet, N. & Moore, T. R. Browning the waters. Nature 444, 283 (2006).
7. Kritzberg, E. S. et al. Browning of freshwaters: Consequences to ecosystem services, underlying drivers, and potential mitigation measures. Ambio (2019) doi:10.1007/s13280-019-01227-5.
8. Le Moal, M. et al. Eutrophication: A new wine in an old bottle? Science of The Total Environment 651, 1–11 (2019).
9. Vörösmarty, C. J. et al. Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity. Nature 467, 555–561 (2010).
10. Nieminen, M. et al. Water quality management dilemma: Increased nutrient, carbon, and heavy metal exports from forestry-drained peatlands restored for use as wetland buffer areas. FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT 465, (2020).
11. Laine, M. P. P., Strömmer, R. & Arvola, L. Nitrogen Release in Pristine and Drained Peat Profiles in Response to Water Table Fluctuations: A Mesocosm Experiment. Applied and Environmental Soil Science vol. 2013 e694368 https://www.hindawi.com/journals/aess/2013/694368/ (2013).
12. North Saskatchewan Watershed Alliance. Proposed Site Specific Water Quality Objectives for the Mainstem of the North Saskatchewan River. (2010).
13. Laine, M. P. P., Strömmer, R. & Arvola, L. DOC and CO2-C Releases from Pristine and Drained Peat Soils in Response to Water Table Fluctuations: A Mesocosm Experiment. Applied and Environmental Soil Science vol. 2014 e912816 https://www.hindawi.com/journals/aess/2014/912816/ (2014).
14. Walbridge, M. R. & Navaratnam, J. A. Phosphorous in Boreal Peatlands. in Boreal Peatland Ecosystems (eds. Wieder, R. K. & Vitt, D. H.) vol. 188 231–258 (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006).
15. Abbott, B. W. et al. Unexpected spatial stability of water chemistry in headwater stream networks. Ecology Letters 21, 296–308 (2018).
16. Frei, R. J. et al. Predicting Nutrient Incontinence in the Anthropocene at Watershed Scales. Front. Environ. Sci. 7, (2020).
17. Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute. Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute (ABMI) Human Footprint Inventory. https://abmi.ca/home/data-analytics/da-top/da-product-overview/Human-Footprint-Products/HF-inventory.html (2018).
18. Alberta Environment and Parks & Government of Alberta. Alberta Merged Wetland Inventory. https://geodiscover.alberta.ca/geoportal/rest/metadata/item/bfa8b3fdf0df4ec19f7f648689237969/html (2020).
19. Breiman, L. Random Forests. Machine Learning 45, 5–32 (2001).
20. R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, 2018).
21. Bennett, E. M., Carpenter, S. R. & Caraco, N. F. Human Impact on Erodable Phosphorus and Eutrophication: A Global PerspectiveIncreasing accumulation of phosphorus in soil threatens rivers, lakes, and coastal oceans with eutrophication. BioScience 51, 227–234 (2001).
22. Olefeldt, D., Roulet, N., Giesler, R. & Persson, A. Total waterborne carbon export and DOC composition from ten nested subarctic peatland catchments-importance of peatland cover, groundwater influence, and inter-annual variability of precipitation patterns: WATERBORNE CARBON EXPORT FROM SUBARCTIC CATCHMENTS. Hydrol. Process. 27, 2280–2294 (2013).
23. Creed, I. F., Beall, F. D., Clair, T. A., Dillon, P. J. & Hesslein, R. H. Predicting export of dissolved organic carbon from forested catchments in glaciated landscapes with shallow soils. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 22, (2008).
24. Freeman, C., Evans, C. D., Monteith, D. T., Reynolds, B. & Fenner, N. Export of organic carbon from peat soils. Nature 412, 785–785 (2001).
25. Bishop, K. et al. Aqua Incognita: the unknown headwaters. Hydrological Processes 22, 1239–1242 (2008).
26. Feuchtmayr, H. et al. Effects of brownification and warming on algal blooms, metabolism and higher trophic levels in productive shallow lake mesocosms. Science of The Total Environment 678, 227–238 (2019).
27. Shogren, A. J. et al. Revealing biogeochemical signatures of Arctic landscapes with river chemistry. Scientific Reports 9, 12894 (2019).